What do we call a farm that primarily grows one type of crop?

A farm that primarily grows one type of crop is referred to as a monoculture farm. Monoculture practices involve cultivating a single species or variety of a crop over a large area for multiple growing seasons. This approach can lead to increased efficiency in planting, maintenance, and harvesting, as the processes can be specialized for one type of crop. However, it can also pose risks such as higher vulnerability to pests and diseases that target that specific crop, as well as potential soil degradation due to the lack of crop diversity.

In contrast, diverse farms and polyculture farms involve the cultivation of multiple crops, which can provide ecological benefits, reduce dependency on a single crop, and enhance soil health. Sustainable farms focus on practices intended to be environmentally friendly and economically viable over time, often integrating concepts from both monoculture and diverse farming depending on their goals. Thus, the distinguishing characteristic of a monoculture farm is its focus on a single type of crop, which is why this term is the correct choice in this context.