What does phloem tissue transport from a plant's leaves and stems to its roots?

Phloem tissue is responsible for the transport of carbohydrates, primarily in the form of sugars such as sucrose, from the plant's leaves—where photosynthesis occurs—to other parts of the plant, including the roots. This process is crucial for distributing the energy produced during photosynthesis to support the growth and development of the entire plant.

Carbohydrates serve as a key energy source for various physiological processes and are essential for the storage of energy in roots and other non-photosynthetic tissues. This transportation occurs through a process called translocation, which is driven by differences in pressure within the phloem.

In contrast, other elements such as nutrients, minerals, and water have specific transport systems in plants. Nutrients and minerals are primarily transported through xylem tissue along with water, which is mainly absorbed from the soil. Water also moves through xylem to reach different parts of the plant, but it does not involve the same pathways as carbohydrates in the phloem. Therefore, understanding the specific functions of phloem tissue highlights its critical role in ensuring that the entire plant has access to the energy necessary for survival and growth.