Which part of the plant is primarily responsible for photosynthesis?

The leaves are primarily responsible for photosynthesis in plants. They contain specialized cells known as mesophyll that house chloroplasts, where chlorophyll—the green pigment—captures sunlight. This process allows the leaves to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, utilizing sunlight as the energy source. The structure of leaves, with their broad surface area and thin shape, maximizes light absorption and gas exchange, making them highly efficient for this vital process.

While roots anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil, flowers are primarily involved in reproduction, and stems provide support and transport for nutrients and water. However, the leaf's unique structure and chloroplast presence designate it as the key site for photosynthesis.